{"id":974,"date":"2023-07-22T11:21:39","date_gmt":"2023-07-22T09:21:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ipsmonitor.de\/?page_id=974"},"modified":"2023-10-02T03:54:37","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T01:54:37","slug":"helianthus-tuberosus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ipsmonitor.de\/en\/steckbriefe\/helianthus-tuberosus\/","title":{"rendered":"Helianthus tuberosus"},"content":{"rendered":"

Helianthus tuberosus<\/h3>\n<\/div>
Topinambur<\/h6>\n<\/div>
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Helianthus tuberosus, also known as Jerusalem artichoke or Topinambur, is a perennial herbaceous plant that can grow up to 3 metres high. Originally from North America, the plant was introduced to Europe in the 17th century. It is characterised by its star-shaped yellow flowers, which bear a resemblance to the well-known sunflower. A characteristic feature of the species is its underground storage tissue, which forms thick tubers. Helianthus tuberosus prefers sunny locations and grows well in nutrient-rich soil. It can be found on roadsides, in gardens, on banks and in agricultural areas. The plant spreads both by seed and vegetatively through its tubers, allowing effective dispersal and establishment in new areas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

Types of damage<\/h5>\n<\/div>
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Ecological damage<\/h1><\/div>
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<\/i><\/i><\/span>Suppression of native species<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
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Due to its effective dispersal mechanisms and adaptability, topinambur can suppress native plant species in certain areas and thus affect biodiversity. This happens especially along watercourses and floodplains.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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Economical damage<\/h1><\/div>
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<\/i><\/i><\/span>Damage to infrastructure<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
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As the above-ground part of the topinambur dies in winter, the erosion protection on riverbanks is reduced. This effect is reinforced by the fact that rodents, in an effort to reach the edible tubers, additionally stir up the bank area. The necessary removal measures can cause high costs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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Region of origin<\/h5>\n<\/div>

North America<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Introduction vectors<\/h5>\n<\/div>
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Agriculture<\/h1><\/div>
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Topinambur was introduced to Europe as early as the 17th century and was long considered an important source of food and fodder before it was replaced by the more productive potato.<\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Planting of neophytes<\/h1><\/div>
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Helianthus tuberosus was deliberately sown in nature as an alien plant to enrich the native flora.<\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Current distribution<\/h5>\n<\/div>

Based on the FlorKart<\/a> Database of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, as of 2013<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Miscellaneous<\/h5>\n<\/div>
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Family<\/h1><\/div>
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<\/i><\/i><\/span>Asteraceae<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
\nThe daisy family (Asteraceae), also known as Asteraceae or Compositae, is one of the largest plant families with more than 23,000 species in about 1,620 genera. A distinguishing feature is their complex inflorescence, which consists of many small individual flowers forming a \"basket\". This family is globally distributed and contains species ranging from annual plants to perennial shrubs and trees. Well-known representatives are the sunflower, daisy, dandelion and many species of chrysanthemum. Many asteraceae are important for honey production, and some, such as artichoke and endive, are important crops.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Climate change<\/h1><\/div>
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<\/i><\/i><\/span>Benefits from climate change<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
\nHelianthus tuberosus has not yet filled its potentially suitable habitat under current climate conditions. It benefits from climate change because in the future its potentially suitable habitat will increase. The environmental factors that most influence its spread are soil type, spring temperature, road infrastructure, winter temperature and rail infratructure.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Positive effects<\/h1><\/div>
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<\/i><\/i><\/span>Crop and energy plant<\/span><\/a><\/h4><\/div>
Topinambur was cultivated as a food and fodder plant because of its edible tubers. Today, there are only small cultivation areas in Germany. Today, most of the tubers are used for the production of brandy. Both the vegetative parts and the tubers are also used as an energy crop and fermented into biogas or bioethanol.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Dispersion forecast<\/h5>\n<\/div>

Indicates the proportion of land suitable for habitat under current and future climate conditions (2060-2080) under three emission scenarios (RCP26, RCP45 & RCP85).<\/p>\n<\/div>

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Habitat suitability maps<\/p><\/h4><\/div>

Instructions for use: Click here<\/strong><\/u><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>